News:
Metropolitan Museum of Art secretly sold $70M Van Gogh looted by Nazis in attempted cover-up: lawsuit
By Isabel Vincent
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is being accused of “secretly” selling a Van Gogh masterpiece looted from Jews fleeing the Nazis — and trying to organize a cover-up designed to last for 100 years.
Vincent Van Gogh's "The Olive Picking" was in the Met's collection until 1972 when it was quietly disposed of. Now the family of a Jewish woman who was forced to leave it behind when she fled Nazi Germany are suing, saying the Met covered up its dealing in looted art.
The museum is being sued by a Jewish family who owned “The Olive Picking” before World War II and wants it back. It could be worth $70 million.
The painting was bought by the Met in 1956 from Brooke Astor — the socialite who died at age 105 in 2007 — then sold secretly in 1972 and vanished from public view.
It only surfaced in 2019 in the catalogue of a newly opened gallery in Athens, Greece.
That breakthrough allowed the family of Jewish collector Hedwig Stern, who died in 1987, to piece together what they now allege had happened.
Now nine of Stern’s heirs are suing both the Met and the Greek museum’s operators, the Basil and Elise Goulandris Foundation, in federal court in Northern California for its return, saying they are the victims of decades of cover-up and lies.
Hedwig Stern (left) and her husband, Fritz (right), bought the Van Gogh in 1935, the year this picture was taken when they vacationed in Locarno, Switzerland.
The Met is fighting the case, saying it had no idea the work was looted. The nine plaintiffs include Stern’s grandchildren and stepgrandchildren, who now live in Oakland and Los Angeles, Calif., Washington state and Israel. Their attorney declined to comment.
The case threatens to open the Met’s secret files about one of its most storied curators, former “Monuments Man” Theodore Rousseau, who bought and sold the Van Gogh.
Stern and her family had a wealthy life in Munich, displaying art in their home. But they were forced to flee Nazi persecution, and unable to take with them their art, including a Van Gogh and a Renoir.
Socialite Brooke Astor and her husband, Vincent, whose portrait she was photographed in front of, once owned the Van Gogh. Vincent Astor bought it in New York after World War II.
“The Olive Picking,” painted by the Dutch artist in 1889 just before his death, was bought in 1935 by Stern, an heiress and a doctor’s wife, from Munich’s Heinrich Thannhauser Gallery, adding to her collection of Impressionists.
But when she, her husband and their six children tried to flee the rising tide of Nazi persecution in 1936, the Gestapo stopped them from taking “The Olive Picking.”
She ordered her lawyer to sell it and a Renoir through the same gallery. The Nazis simply kept the 55,000 Reichsmarks; Stern and her family found safety in Berkeley, Calif.
Theodore Rousseau was part of the Monuments Men, a unit set up to recover Nazi-looted art, before becoming one of the Met’s most influential curators. The Sterns claim he must have known the Van Gogh’s history.
In 1948, Thannhauser’s son Justin brought the painting to New York and sold it to Vincent Astor, whose financier father, John Jacob Astor IV, had died on the Titanic, and who in 1953 married socialite Brooke Russell.
In 1955, Brooke Astor asked Manhattan gallery Knoedler & Co. to sell the Van Gogh to a museum, according to court papers.
Rousseau, the Met’s curator, approved the $125,000 purchase — even though Knoedler was on the State Department’s “red flag” list of dealers in looted Jewish treasures.
“The Olive Picking” was also on a separate list of looted art because Stern tried to recover the painting after the war, traveling to Munich and Washington to meet with US officials “with no success.”
And Rousseau would have known the truth about the painting, say Stern’s descendants, because he had been part of the elite unit known as the “Monuments Men,” which had traced and recovered Nazi-looted art as Allied forces swept aside Hitler’s regime.
A US Navy officer, he worked for the Office of Strategic Services, the precursor of the CIA, investigating Nazi art theft until 1946. “He was one of the world experts on looted art,” the Stern family contends.
“Looted Nazi art was all over the art market at that point,” said Michael Gross, author of “Rogues’ Gallery: The Secret Story of the Lust, Lies, Greed and Betrayals that Made the Metropolitan Museum of Art.”
This was the passport Hedwig Stern used to get out of Germany in 1936, escaping the persecution which ended in the Holocaust for safety in the US. But the Gestapo stopped her taking the Van Gogh, leading to her family’s court battle now.
Hedwig and Fritz Stern and their children, including daughter Eva (left), built new lives in the US. But when this photo was taken in 1948, she had begun efforts to get back her Van Gogh — and was still trying when the Met bought it in 1955.
“The dissection of provenance was nowhere near as sophisticated as it is now,” he told The Post.
Stern’s descendants allege Rousseau worked around State Department rules that would have alerted museums to the purchase.
Then in 1972, they say, Rousseau turned again to Knoedler to organize a hush-hush sale for an undisclosed amount, which the Met said was more than $75,000.
The sale was kept secret for months, then condemned as “a breach of public trust” by the Art Dealers Association of America, the New York Times reported at the time.
Basil Goulandris was the apparent buyer in 1972. He died in 1994 after a prolific life spending his fortune as a Greek shipping tycoon on amassing a huge art collection.
The Met said at the time that it was a “lesser work” being sold to help buy a $5.5 million Velazquez painting. But the Stern family says that was a lie; that painting had been bought in 1971 with money from, among others, Brooke Astor.
A similar Van Gogh work — “Wooden Huts Among Olive Trees and Cypresses” — sold at auction in 2021 for more than $71 million.
Rousseau died in 1973 and the Met ordered its archive of his papers sealed until 2073, which the Stern family says will let the museum keep the truth about its Van Gogh secret for decades to come
The painting’s ownership is still unclear, the Stern descendants say, with the apparent 1972 buyer being Greek shipping heir Basil Goulandris and his wife, Elise. They amassed a $3 billion collection before their deaths.
Goulandris and his wife, Elise, who died in 2000, created a foundation that opened a museum in 2019 to display their collection. Its catalogue included “The Olive Picking,” which the Stern family now wants returned to them.
The Goulandris Foundation’s gallery in Athens, which opened in 2019, is where “The Olive Picking” was displayed, although the foundation has not acknowledged that the work belonged to Basil and Elise Goulandris.
The couple’s foundation listed “The Olive Picking” in its 2019 catalogue for its new Athens museum, but did not say it had belonged to the couple or disclose Stern’s ownership. The foundation refused comment through a spokeswoman, citing the litigation Wednesday.
The Met did not return a request for comment, but a spokesman told the Art Newspaper in 2022 that “during the Met’s ownership of the painting,” there had been no record that it belonged to the Stern family, and added, “that information did not become available until several decades after the painting left the museum’s collection.”